Introduction: Madhya Pradesh, often referred to as the "Heart of India," is endowed with rich agricultural diversity and has emerged as a significant player in the organic farming sector. With approximately 2.32 lakh hectares of certified organic farmland, the state has the potential to lead the nation in sustainable agricultural practices. Organic farming, which emphasizes the use of natural inputs and sustainable practices, offers numerous benefits, including improved soil health, reduced chemical dependency, and enhanced biodiversity. However, despite its potential advantages, farmers in Madhya Pradesh face a multitude of challenges when transitioning to and sustaining organic farming practices. This paper aims to explore these challenges in depth, focusing on economic, environmental, social, and policy-related aspects, supported by relevant data, charts, and graphs.