Abstract: Chhattisgarh, which became India's 26th state on November 1, 2000, is geographically located between 17°46' to 24°5' north latitude and 80°15' to 84°20' east longitude. The state receives an average annual rainfall of about 1207 mm and has a total geographical area of approximately 138 lakh hectares, of which around 46.51 lakh hectares, or 34%, is under crop production. The state's terrain predominantly consists of medium to light land, covering about 57% of its area. Chhattisgarh is also recognized for its rich biodiversity, with about 63.40 lakh hectares, or 46% of the state's total area, under forest cover.

    The state's population is around 2.55 crore, with approximately 70% engaged in agriculture. There are about 37.46 lakh farming families in Chhattisgarh, and nearly 80% of them belong to the small and marginal farmer categories. The primary crops during the Kharif season include paddy, soybean, urad, and arhar, while gram and tivda dominate the Rabi season. Additionally, some districts in the state are conducive to sugarcane cultivation, and currently, four cooperative sugar mills are operating successfully. Other crops include maize, small grains, moong, wheat, and groundnut, with the central plains of Chhattisgarh often referred to as the "rice bowl of Central India."

Keywords : Cultivation , groundnut and engaged.