Abstract: Cleanliness and Sanitation are crucial for both the nation and its citizens. From a health perspective, Sanitation has been given a special importance in India. Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the nation, also stated that "political freedom is not as important as sanitation." The bulk of people in India reside in rural areas, where they face numerous challenges like unemployment, poverty, a lack of access to healthcare, education, and structural amenities like roads and homes. Among these issues, one of the main ones in India is the absence of sanitation coverage and practice. There are a number of issues in rural regions following the Clean India mission Gramin and other initiatives. A mixed research approach is followed to find out the real reason and consequences of poor sanitation coverage. This study analyses the advantages and limitations of the two-research approach research e.g., Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research. Quantitative research involves collecting and transforming data into mathematical form and concluding inferences. However, qualitative research involves the factors to be analyzed in deep.  Based on some published research papers, the study finds out that in assessing the rural area, one single approach cannot help. The mixed research approach is appropriate for recognizing the real rural problems. The study states that the rural sanitation coverage in India is satisfactory based on quantitative evaluation, but if we take the mixed research method to assess pictures of the real rural sanitation coverage, there only partial coverage is done. There is still a lot to do which we can’t see in numbers only.

Keywords: Research Method, Qualitative Research, Quantitative Research, Sanitation Coverage, Clean India Mission-Gramin, Rural Development.