Abstract : Organic fertilizers are important for increasing soil fertility and maintaining agricultural productivity. The present study examines the chemical composition and nutrient release pattern of three widely applied organic fertilizers—vermicompost, farmyard manure (FYM), and neem cake—under Indian soil conditions. A 60-day incubation experiment was carried out with alluvial and black soils to evaluate nutrient release dynamics. Conventional analytical methods were utilized to analyze macronutrient and micronutrient levels, while statistical analysis (ANOVA, regression analysis) was utilized to assess fertilizer effectiveness. Results reveal that neem cake contained the highest nitrogen and phosphorus content and was therefore the most effective organic fertilizer for quick nutrient supply. Vermicompost showed constant nutrient release, ensuring long-term soil fertility, while FYM was a slow-release soil conditioner. Availability of nutrients was found to be greater in alluvial soil than in black soil, stressing the role of soil type in influencing patterns of nutrient release. Statistical analysis revealed strong differences between the fertilizers, pointing to their different roles in soil fertility management. These results are important in optimizing organic fertilizer use to promote crop productivity and soil health in Indian agriculture.

Keywords:Organic fertilizers, nutrient release, neem cake, vermicompost, Indian soil conditions.