Abstract: “This paper explores In the context of the TRIPS Agreement,  the changing ethical and legal environment surrounding biotechnology patents, with a particular emphasis on India. It draws attention to the difficulties in obtaining patents for genetically modified organisms, biological materials, and living things under Section 3 of Indian patent law. Along with these important topics, the paper looks at important cases like Monsanto Technology LLC v. Controller of Patents, the role of creative step and originality in biotech technologies, and patenting human genomes. In order to provide a balanced approach that safeguards both innovation and the public interest, it ends with recommendations for harmonizing worldwide patent rules.”

Keywords: Biotechnology, Biotechnology Patenting, Invention, Innovation.